Six Records of inspection in northwest China - Totems

 Totems
Zhuoni County in Gansu Province in the southern mountains, there is one side of the road is located in a small village, and other poor villages difference is, where in addition to old adobe houses, the bare slopes of the Loess In addition, the highest point in the village, two men stood a tall stone mm that is a man's genitals. when you see women's waist Long absorbed on strong with a big spring, and then see them behind that adheres to the top of the second cow The men of the dead carry the weak, and soon enough to understand that the contents contained in this stone, and can hear the cry of a living room adobe houses and the groans of people inside.
one, poverty and totem
Zhuoni County in Gansu Province in the southern mountains, there is one side of the road is located in a small village, and other poor villages difference is, where in addition to old adobe houses, bare loess slope outside the village the highest, how high they stood a stone mm that is a man's genitals. when you see women's waist Long absorbed on strong with a big spring, and then see their cattle behind the top two who adheres to carry the men's weak dry quickly enough to understand the content contained in this stone, and can hear the cry of a living room adobe houses and the groans of people inside.
here, man is the day, the man is, the man can Yuanshe foreign land to work, able to go to logging deep in the mountains, even man frail skinny, the plow will always be held in the hands of men. and women, while there were exuberant, but life belongs to men, seek happiness pursuit of wealth, seeking Hing Ka Shing industry, in addition to the sustenance of the gods, for all their faith in the man body. not only the decline of men in the family and poverty, few men have no hope of escape hungry families.
Photo caption: continued millennium, backward, primitive farming practices mm top bars
two cattle developed coastal regions in China, and many others for boys, would rather risked ; family line, ancestral surnames continued. labor, and Hero of promise to marry not only capable wife back, and the resistance will force the family is growing. history, where the Tibetans have had polygamy and polyandry marital customs, Polygamy is mainly a symbol of wealth, while polyandry is not in order to maintain the family's property is divided, labor can be together forever.
Photo caption: Property, men dominated in large part owned by the monastery. in Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan border areas, and maybe we only know Jiuzhaigou, in fact, in this region, the same as the original ecological nature Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area, Phi Phi everywhere. I Qinghai, Gansu Progressive, along Lintan, Zhuoni , to Xiahe, in yellow on the road south, hundreds of kilometers are spent throughout the day.
the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi, Gansu's heavy mountain peaks, snow-capped mountains in Qinghai into pasture has There are more than 40% of farmers live below the poverty line in. the harsh natural environment trapped locked them out of backwardness and the meal far more important.
Photo Caption: money to help the poor, the villagers heard the radio one after another toward the village
Photo caption: we must step on the old viewing platform subsidence, burning a person's history
Gansu Gannan April is busy spring planting season, a winter snow-covered slopes of the valley everywhere can see the busy farmer. In addition to Rock Hill Cliff, where there have been re-soil tillage. farmers began to pray to God, pray drought, hail, pests far away, so barren land can be compared with the previous A few years more to grow barley and wheat. poor farmers make enough money to buy fertilizer, not only is Tu Zafei also far less than production. high altitude and long winter, so there can only be harvested once a year crop and yield only more than one hundred kilograms. Therefore, farmers at home, all the station cabinets, barrels have been used to store food. into the adobe houses, look as long as the open platform will be able to counter an estimated wealth of farmers much.
Photo caption: return of warmer weather, the Tibetans began to pack up their homes to be
Photo caption: township primary school students began returning to school. In this school, the classroom often have a three year students while school ,8:30-9: 15 to grade language ,9:30-10: 15 VI grade math hh
Caption: Pagoda is so high in view of her people who give them faith and confidence in
to escape from poverty, farmers in the county near the road and start looking for a new life path. Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, with the country's poor farmers in the development of film production money, planting fruit trees on sloping land, the development of aquaculture in mountain .1993 production reached 15,900 tons of fruit, its income per capita income equivalent to 14% of households; meat output reached 28,700, equivalent to household per capita net income of 28%. government stepped in to the field of rural surplus labor organization engaged in the construction, mining , gold, trafficking and other aspects of labor activities, labor export 20 million per year, equivalent to the state one-eighth of the total population, the average labor income per labor go up to 500 yuan.
but in the vast mountain area , peasant farming is still the only way to survive. In those no roads, no electricity in the village, like hundreds of years ago, farmers still lead an isolated life of poverty, more than half of farmers are not even the county seat been.
Photo caption: severely degraded grassland plateau, in the past in the lyrics of the meters of altitude pasture grass
difficult to seek from a realistic point of view, the western mountains to escape poverty, these barriers are difficult to eliminate in the short term: the first is a serious shortage of infrastructure, most of the mountain there is no asphalt road, some places still use hand phone, because many water Liti dilapidated irrigation project can not be used, can only rely on rain-fed crop. Second, the inability to control population growth, per capita arable land and declining per capita grain possession of food, making more places of poverty farming farmland more serious predatory. Third, the low quality of labor in poor areas of the adult illiteracy rate as high as 40% in mountain areas and more than 70%, due to cultural backwardness, living occlusion, severe inbreeding, many people continue to fool the village of dementia increase.
face harsh living conditions, poor farmers in mountainous areas, looking at his eyes always look forward to village, the mayor who many of them who Mao Zedong's portrait hanging on the wall, all day dreaming elderly people can be like forty years ago when it was given to their land once again to drive away the evil, the good harvest to send into the house. However, a chest, wearing a Mao badge, the heart has long been indifferent to the mayor tells the his own mind: br> Xiahe County in Gansu in the southern one of the most densely minority. in the county fair, everywhere you can see the Tibetan man wearing Yang Piao, Phi hijab or wearing a white hat back and forth, wearing Buddha Lama temple in Buddhist monk's robe , wrapped in black robes, cotton dresses and Grecian priests and the blonde foreign tourists. here is a different religion, different nationalities, different cultural background or even a combination of pooling. In between the rows of buildings, the most beautiful, most Luxury is the Muslim mosque. different roof structures marks the different sects, the temple loudspeakers hung high on the wall, enough to make the voice of the imam preach the doctrine spread to every corner. by the people funding the construction of the temple is located in the County Government across the small river, the courtyard was not much, but carved pillars and painted beams, gold flat Shuoshuo. Tibetan Buddhism, one of the six famous temples of Labo Leng Temple, Pang, according to Piedmont, the whole temple covers an area over 460,000 square meters The main palace buildings Vatican nine Shi Yuzuo huge building were sitting north to south, back on Castle Peak, the face of pine forest, mountains around the river Sang Song Temple, the , less expensive (Buddha Gong Di), shag, French Court, stupa and prayer wheel room, pour in the thick of the Buddhist name of low forest sound, especially to the magnificent and spectacular, to foreign tourists and pilgrims to gradually into shengjing sense.
Photo caption: Ten Xiahe Tibetan Buddhist monastery Labrang Monastery, one of the top
Photo caption: In the mountains gaoya out of the temple stands majestically above
Caption: Tibetan China Buddha home town threshold
vertical extension of the number of road from east to west, the sides covered with food stores, restaurants and clothing stores. center has a seven or eight hotels and guest houses, mosaic front with the neon dance halls, karaoke OK sign is especially dazzling. side of the road leading to the Labrang Monastery, lined with hundreds of clothing, household supplies and Tibetan arts and crafts stalls, teenage boy wearing a look of childish Hui a trial of strength sell to passers-bone necklaces and national decorations.
strong religious flavor to this already very poor, brought unexpected prosperity pastoral county. Labrang Monastery in Gansu has now become one of the important tourist attractions, the Gansu to the people given the chance, will be to the Labrang Monastery to visit. the increase in floating population, the county seat of Xiahe driven the rapid development of commerce and services, making it the most active market development Gannan small towns.
carefully observed Xiahe county's prosperity, there are several points of great significance:
First, a blend of different cultures on the mutual promotion of social development play an important complementary role. in Gannan areas rarely open to see the Tibetan shops, engage in services, transport and tourism projects, Xiahe county business to have a large number of Tibetans with the Tibetan, Hui and mingled with the two communities (including marriages) inseparable. Muslim historical tradition and the shrewd business transactions that impact on the local Tibetans great. Although the two communities in many parts of Tibet back to the resource consumption and other reasons due to constant conflict, but this conflict is not all negative effects, at least, every time the process to resolve a conflict of interest, the new balance of interests to be generated, and achieve the fusion of the effect of increasing interaction. Similarly, in Xiahe county, the Han culture, the business implications of minorities is also crucial. whether local or foreign tourists in the Han Chinese, and their eating habits, clothing trends, behaviors are directly guided Hui, Tibetan businessmen operating behavior. such as Hui's restaurant, although claiming to be the Northwest flavor, but in the seasoning actually melt into the habit of many mainland tastes.
Second, religion and Culture. Xiahe at least prove that the prosperity and economic development of religious culture has an important role, but this does not mean that there is a place for religious activities must be rich. in Gannan, southern Qinghai, Tibet's most impoverished areas, religious activities, although very frequent, but because these impoverished temple is small, so is mainly engaged in simple charity, pray for worship activities, in addition to the hearts of most devout religious people, the content of Tibetan Buddhism, philosophy knew nothing about and even apart from God to bless the outside no longer. Therefore, in this place, the more serious religious atmosphere, the more backward the economy, Xiahe county is completely different, Labrang Tibetan Buddhist culture highly rich society has played a special role. Labrang Monastery, the first month every year, July and September, the law would, Lama debate by, say, to persuade law, various forms of Tibetan, the Tibetan Buddhist philosophy and culture of fully unfolded Labrang Monastery is a typical Tibetan Buddhist Gelugpa monasteries, the most important features of the Gelug Sect is a plan, a system of teaching, first, whether exoteric or esoteric, must be based on strict discipline, so the discipline is the first prerequisite. Learning Representative must be proficient in exoteric Buddhist monks in several stages and all aspects of the history of several of the classic, and then learn Tantric, combined with Let's hear think University, continued Department of the Senate, continued his subordinates homes, the Wheel of Time, Medicine, University Hevajra set of six colleges and other Buddhist philosophy, astronomy, geography and medicine in a whole, therefore, the quality of most of the monks of the monastery is high. the Monastery of the formation of a complete set of religious and cultural system, and calmly walked through the various exchanges, so that the development of Xiahe County, to some extent with the grief associated with Hindu temples.